The basics of credit cards
How does a credit card work?
Credit cards work by allowing you to borrow up to a certain limit to make purchases. You’re expected to pay back the borrowed amount, plus any interest if you don’t pay the balance in full by the due date. This differs from a debit card where any transaction is deducted directly from a connected bank account.
Let’s say you get approved for a credit card with a $1,000 credit limit and make a $500 purchase. Now you have $500 of your credit line remaining for other purchases.
You can pay off what you owe at any time; it doesn’t only have to be at the end of the month. So if you pay $300 of your $500 balance, your remaining credit line goes back to $800.
At the end of the month, you’re expected to pay off any balance. In this example, that would mean you have to pay the remaining $200 of your debt. Any balance you carry from one month to the next accrues interest charges, gradually increasing the amount you owe until you pay your balance entirely.
How does credit card interest work?
Credit card interest is calculated using the annual percentage rate (APR). If you carry a balance, interest compounds, meaning you can end up paying more over time. It’s best to pay your balance in full each month to avoid these charges and keep your finances healthy.
For example, if you carry over a $200 balance and have an interest rate (APR) of 20%, you’ll be charged roughly $3.42 in interest the next month, making your new debt $203.42. Every month that you don’t pay off your balance, that debt continues to grow.
Types of rewards and how they work
Points
Many credit cards give you points for every dollar you spend. You can use these points for travel, merchandise, or to reduce your statement balance. Points are a flexible way to earn rewards that fit different spending habits.
Miles
Miles-based cards often partner with airlines, making them ideal for airline loyalists. Some general travel credit cards also offer miles, but they’re similar to points in their redemption ability.
Cash-back
Cash-back cards give you a percentage of your purchases back in cash. This is the most straightforward reward type and can be a great way to earn rewards on everyday spending, providing you with cash or statement credits.
Types of credit cards
Credit building or repair
Credit-building cards are ideal for students or those with bad credit or no credit who are looking to build or improve their credit scores. They often come with lower limits and higher interest rates, but they can help establish a positive credit history with responsible use.
Travel
There are two main types of travel credit cards: co-branded and general. Co-branded cards offer rewards specific to a particular hotel or airline brand like Marriott, Hilton, United, Delta, and Southwest.
On the other hand, general travel cards offer flexibility, earning points or miles that can be redeemed in various ways. General cards are often not affiliated with a specific brand, but some may offer perks like hotel elite status with a select chain.
Cash-back
As mentioned before, cash-back credit cards focus on offering monetary rewards (often via statement credit) instead of travel rewards. Typically, the bonus categories on cash-back cards are more suitable for earning rewards on everyday purchases.
Zero APR
Zero-APR cards offer an introductory 0% APR period, making them great for large purchases or balance transfers without immediate interest charges.
Business
Business credit cards can help business owners keep their company and personal expenses separate and often provide higher reward rates than personal cards. These cards often come with business-centric perks like Quickbooks integration and free employee cards.
Which credit card issuer is best?
There is no one-size-fits-all credit card, much like there is no “best” credit card provider. Each depends on your needs and what you want out of your card. Some of the most popular credit card providers are American Express, Chase, and Capital One. Each caters to different types of people, meaning “the best” one varies from person to person.
American Express
American Express is one of the most popular credit card companies, and it’s easy to see why consumers and small business owners gravitate toward them. With generous rewards on flights, groceries, and restaurants, cardholders can rack up rewards on their everyday purchases. Some AmEx cards offer Membership Rewards points while others provide cash back (usually via statement credit).
Chase
Chase is known for their exceptional Chase Ultimate Rewards program, offering cardholders flexible, yet valuable redemption options. They have cash-back cards, beginner travel cards, premium travel cards, co-branded cards, and more, making it one of the best credit card companies around.
Capital One
While the rewards rates of Capital One cards aren’t as grandiose as other issuers, they offer opportunities for every credit profile and give you a chance to get your credit to a better place so you can apply for “fancier” cards later on. They even offer cards for students looking to start building their credit and do have some competitive rewards on certain cards, making Capital One a great option for many users.
How to choose the best credit card for you
Consider these factors when choosing a credit card:
Credit score
Your credit score is one of the main factors that may limit or expand your search for a credit card. A low credit score could make it so you don’t qualify for many options. On the other hand, a high credit score gives you the chance to choose from a plethora of offers. Make sure you find out what your credit score is so you can know how broad or narrow your search needs to be.
Purpose
Determine what you want or need from a credit card— cash back, travel rewards, a 0-APR introductory period, business tools, credit building, or something else. This will help you whittle down your options.
Fees
Be mindful of fees like:
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Annual fees: Consider how much you’re willing to spend to hold and maintain a credit card account.
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Foreign transaction fees: Do you travel internationally? Then it’s important to ensure you have a card with no foreign transaction fees.
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Interest rates: If you often carry a balance, look at a card’s interest rate (APR) to know how much you may be charged on your unpaid debt.
Benefits
Look for perks that align with your lifestyle like travel insurance, airport lounge access, statement credits, and reward categories that suit your spending habits. A card’s perks are only beneficial if you can (and do) use them; otherwise, they’re just collecting dust (metaphorically speaking).
How many credit cards should you have?
The right number of credit cards varies from person to person. Ideally, you’ll have whatever number of cards you want without getting overwhelmed or racking up debt that you’ll have trouble repaying.
Steps to apply for a credit card
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Check your credit score: Understand where you stand so you know which cards to consider and your chances of approval.
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Research and compare cards: Look for cards that fit your needs. Consider factors like annual fees and cardholder perks.
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Gather documentation: Make sure you have everything you need at your fingertips, like your income and identification details.
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Complete the application: Click “learn more” next to a card you’re interested in to see the full details of a card. Click to apply, then fill out the online application.
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Wait for approval: You may be instantly approved or you might have to wait a few days. This primarily depends on how well you meet the issuer’s qualification requirements and how easily they can verify your identity.
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Wait for your card: It can take days, up to a couple of weeks, to receive a physical card in the mail. However, some issuers offer virtual card numbers to use your card immediately.
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For rates and fees of the Blue Cash Preferred® Card from American Express, please visit this page.
For rates and fees of the American Express® Gold Card, please visit this page.
For rates and fees of the Blue Cash Everyday® Card from American Express, please visit this page.
For rates and fees of The Platinum Card® from American Express, please visit this page.